The COVID-19 pandemic has created the largest disruption of education systems in history, and present time has widened the gaps in the education industry across the globe. The pandemic has caused disruptions in the academic activities of schools in many countries of the world. Most Nigerian students and other African countries were more disadvantaged because most educational institutions in Nigeria still follow the traditional set-up of face-to-face lectures in normal classroom settings. Its impact on the entire humanity is unprecedented trauma. The novel COVID-19 has emerged to break and collapse the walls that surround our education sector and it is imperative for all stakeholders in education industry particularly teachers and students. COVID-19 caused major adjustments to teaching environments, educational strategies and class delivery, with a significant impact on students’ learning experience. As the virus continues to spread from person to persons in communities and frenzied the world, the need for an effective real-time surveillance system becomes paramount. There is need to involve community participation in controlling the unexpected virus in schools in Nigeria. Community should be part of the response to prevent, limit or slow the spread of the virus and curtail its impact. Community participation is one of the mechanisms that will empower people to take part in controlling the pandemic in educational system.

Cimex (bedbugs) are blood-sucking ectoparasites of mammals which infest human habitations during which they suck the blood of their human victims. Besides their nuisance, their itchy bites also cause some dermatological allergies such as skin irritations and scratching accompanied by development of skin disfiguring rashes that sometimes resemble scabies.

Aim: This study therefore investigated Cimex (bedbug) infestation in selected human settlements in Abuja, Nigeria, and their health impact.

Materials and methods:Forty homes (i.e., ten from each study communities) of Sabon-gari, Zuma II, Garba and Veritas University, respectively, were randomly selected, marked A to J, and surveyed. Beds, beddings, mattresses, clothings, etc., of the occupants were examined for presence of eggs, nymphs and adult bedbugs. The sexes and species of the bedbug specimens collected were identified using standard morphometric identification keys. The predisposing factors and the degree of infestation were established.

Results:The presence of bedbugs and their degree of infestation were established. Six thousand and sixty (6,060) bedbug specimens (comprising 1,648 adults, 875 nymphs and 3,577 eggs) were collected from the 40 apartments of the four communities studied. Thus, Sabon-gari had 1,193/19.8% bedbug specimens, Zuma II recorded 1,651/27.2%, while Garba and Veritas had 1,620/26.7% and 1,596/26.3%, respectively. Dirty environment and poor personal hygiene practices are among the predisposing factors that promote bedbug infestation. Two bedbug species, Cimex lectularius and Cimex hemipterius were found to exist in the area. Minor clinical manifestations such as eczema, urticarial reactions, cellulitis, impetigo, lymphangitis, folliculitis, scabies-like rashes and anaemia in victims of bedbug bites were also recorded. Conclusion and recommendation: Regular fumigation with pesticides, burning of infested household materials(beds, beddings, furniture) are recommended for control. Corticosteroid creams such as diphenhydramines,and blood tonic supplements can be used to treat those exposed to bites and victims with signs of anaemia, respectively.

Background- Good nutrition is key to good health, survival and development of current and succeeding generation. Nutrition during developmental stage has been shown to induce long-term effects on later health which has an impact on growth, cognitive development and school performance of a child.

Objective- This study aimed to assess the nutritional status of primary school pupils.

Method- A Descriptive Cross-Sectional design was used to assess the nutritional status of pupils between the age of 5-15 years in 2 selected public primary schools. The data was collected with the use of a demographic questionnaire, weighing scale, meter rule and mid-upper arm circumference measuring tape. Data was analyzed using WHO Anthroplus and SPSS version 25.

Results- Findings indicates that majority of the pupils 83(55.3%) were males, age group of 9-12 years were (56.0%), those who were living with their parents were 82.7%. Most (99.3%) of the pupils eat before leaving for school and after school, using mid-upper arm circumference 99.33% were well nourished, 70% have normal BMI, 25% thinness, 3.3% overweight, 1.3% obese, 18.66% were severely stunted, 26% were stunted.

Conclusion- This study shows primary school pupils had good nutritional status as more than half were well nourished and had normal BMI value, although there was stuntedness, severe stuntedness and underweight among participants. We suggest effective infection control, extension and sustenance of home-grown school feeding program to all primary school children and monitoring of school children nutritional status.

Background: Surgical site infection is the third most common healthcare associated infections in the world and the most common in Africa. Patients diagnosed with surgical site infection are faced with an array of issues among which is an extended inpatient stay and a high cost of treatment. These issues have an impact not only on the patient but also on their families.

Aim of the study

This study aimed at exploring the socioeconomic experiences of family caregivers with patient with surgical site infection in Jos University Teaching Hospital. Descriptive qualitative approach was used to explore experiences from a sample of twelve participants. A structured interview was conducted to collect data and content analysis was used for analyzing the data. 

Result:

The cost of treatment was high and the participants had difficulty coping financially. Participants had to abandon personal businesses and work due to the lengthy stay in the hospital making it more difficult to cope with the cost of treatment. In addition Participant had social isolation and altered relationships.

Conclusion:

Family caregivers of patients with surgical site infection in JUTH experienced socioeconomic burden. It was recommended that support and interventions that are geared towards reducing the burdens of caring for family caregivers should be put in place to ease the burden of family caregivers.

Bus services appear to be the most preferred and highly patronized form of Public Transportation in Nigeria. This is in spite of the inadequacies and deficiency in their operational and management strategies. Choice determinants of public transport modes, carrier, service system or operators are said to be many and vary from place to place, person to person, culture to culture. This imply the likelihood that choice determinants of Intercity Bus Service in South-south, Nigeria, may differ from those of other parts of Nigeria and the world at large. To confirm this fact, a study of 94 selected intercity bus service agencies in six capital cities of the geopolitical zone was carried out. 400 determined sample size of passengers were served questionnaire and interviewed; the researchers made some on-the-spot observation on the operational/management attributes. These and the reconnaissance survey report formed the primary data sources. 364 or 91% of the questionnaire administered were retrieved in useable form. Operational records from head offices and outstations of the Agencies; beside relevant information gotten from texts, journals and internet, constituted the secondary data. Both qualitative and quantitative methods of data analysis were used. Tables, simple percentage, Mean, frequency distribution are examples of the qualitative statistical tools. Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) was the quantitative statistical tool used in testing the Null hypothesis. It was found that fare and safety were the most influential factors in choosing Intercity Bus services in the study Area. Therefore, it was safe to conclude that an increase in safety strategies and reduction in Trip charge/fare payable would normally cause an increase in patronage of bus services; otherwise, there would be decrease. It was recommended that only healthy and suitable modern luxurious Buses; competent, experienced and responsible drivers and technicians, with well-equipped workshops and standard terminals be used.

This paper examines Nigerian students’ perception or approach to libraries. It cuts across the primary, secondary and tertiary institutions. The reason for the laxity in library real time usage is the primary driving force that led to the research. The research method adopted for this study was longitudinal method to get the right place of the actual issues without official cover-ups where necessary. Secondary data were also used to buttress the position of the research. The population approached for the longitudinal method was randomly picked at the different levels of schools. Parents were also in place at some point to drive home the true intent they have about their children and the use of libraries.  Findings revealed that seeming laxity of both undergraduate and graduate students’ perception and attitude about the library is primarily because of the lacuna in their other levels of education before coming to the university. This served as a useful yard stick for the researchers developing workable recommendations that in their opinion will be of immense help to solving it.

This research work is geared towards x-raying Fulani pastoralists' killings in Nigeria and its antecedents. The study revealed the controversies over the conflict between the Fulani herdsmen and farmers coupled with the federal government cattle colony policy in Nigeria. This was partly the cause of ethnic and religious tension in the country. In the course of this research work, I observed that the challenges of the Fulani herdsmen attacks posed a threat to the existence of Nigeria as one indivisible entity. The objective of this research work was to present a way forward against similar regular or frequent occurrence in future. I recommended that there should be synergies by the federal government, state governments, local councils, security agents, religious institutions especially the Church and by all and sundry towards ameliorating the menace of the herdsmen's killings. Methods of approach are historical and phenomenological methods cum the review of related extant material.

Primary pulmonary synovial sarcoma is an extraordinarily rare tumor among the primary malignancies of lung with an unknown cause. The establishment of diagnosis of PPSS entails clinical, radiological and pathological investigations for confirmation and exclusion of alternative primary tumours and metastatic sarcomas of lung.

We report the case of a 56-year-old man who presented with a mass in the right lung on a chest X-ray and CT scan. Thoracoscopic right middle and lower lobectomy yielded a diagnosis of monophasic PPSS according to the histological examination and immunohistochemistry. 10 months after the thoracic surgery, he developed extensive disease judged inoperable; therefore, doxorubicin and ifosfamide systemic chemotherapy was administered.

The construction industry is one of the most hazardous industries in the world, which has a direct part in the development of countries. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and variation of occupational illness and diseases among construction workers in Niger Delta, Nigeria. The data utilized in this study were based on stratified sampling of construction workers representing the selected companies in the study.  Out of the 236 self-administered questionnaires distributed, 213 were used for the study, representing a response rate of 90.25%. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and presented in tables and figures. Findings from the study shows that the diseases more common among these construction workers include: vision related illnesses, musculoskeletal disorders, skin diseases and nasal related illness/diseases. Result from the study shows F (2, 210) = 27.318, p < 0.05 which indicates that there was a significant variation in occupational diseases among workers based on safety management implementation in the study area. Considering the high prevalence of occupational illnesses/diseases among construction workers, more stringent occupational safety and health interventions are recommended in construction workplaces.

Teachers of Mathematics in Kenya have attended in-service program for the purpose of enhancing their skills and improving quality of teaching. However, this has not been translated into improved performance as expected. There has been persistent low performance in Mathematics in secondary schools in general for the period 2012-2019 during which the mean score dropped from 20.12% to 19.86% nationally. The trend of low mean score has been identified in secondary schools in Kisumu County which dropped from 34.00% to 20.45% for the same years. The purpose of this study was to establish influence of teachers’ qualification on quality of teaching Mathematics. Objectives of the study were to: establish teachers’ qualification; establish teachers’ quality of teaching mathematics and to determine influence of teachers’ qualification on quality of teaching mathematics.  The study was anchored on Educational Production Function Theory by Bowles (1970) model. Descriptive survey design was employed in which the dependent variable was quality of teaching mathematics and independent variable was teachers’ qualification. The target population was 234 teachers and 7 SQASO. The sample size was 70 teachers and 6 SQASO. Research instruments were Lesson Observation Guide (LOG) and SQASO Interview Guide. A pilot study was carried using test- retest method and the reliability coefficient for LOG was 0.78 and SIG 0.82.  Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics which involved arithmetic mean, standard deviation, frequencies and percentages. Inferential statistics involved Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Qualitative data was analyzed by organizing responses from questionnaire and reported as verbatim excerpts. Findings revealed that teachers’ qualification had significant differences with Master’s holders performing best (M=67.25; SD=6.36). The findings may be useful to policy makers, teachers, school principals and SQASO on how qualification influences quality of teaching Mathematics in secondary schools. It is recommended that teachers with qualification of Masters in Mathematics Education to be appointed INSET trainers.

Hepatic epithelioid haemangioendothelioma (HEHE) is a very rare malignant tumor of vascular origin and uncertain biological behaviour. New case of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is reported to have occurred to a 65-year-old patient who consulted for right-sided abdominal and chest pain. The work-up showed a generalised form of disease, with involvement of the liver, lungs, peritoneum and lymph nodes. The definitive histological diagnosis was made by the pathologist on the basis of immunohistochemical analysis. The patient received a primary mono-chemotherapy with Adriamycin without response and general status impairment. The patient died after 12 months of follow-up.